Across
- 3. For an individual value in a distribution, the standardized score (z-score) tells us how many standard deviations from the mean the value falls, and in what direction.
- 4. The claim that we are trying to find evidence for in a significance test
- 8. Probability that one event happens given that another event is already known to have happened.
- 9. A relationship between two variables in which knowing the value of one variable helps predict the value of the other.
- 12. Overall success rate of the method used to calculate the confidence interval. In C% of all possible samples, the method would yield an interval that captures the true parameter value when the conditions for inference are met.
- 13. In a statistical study, the entire group of individuals we want information about.
- 14. One repetition of a random process.
- 16. When the observed results of a study are too unusual to be explained by chance alone,
- 17. The design of a statistical study shows bias if it is very likely to underestimate or very likely to overestimate the value you want to know.
- 18. A study in which researchers deliberately impose treatments (conditions) on individuals to measure their responses.
- 20. The probability that a test will find convincing evidence for Ha when a specific alternative value of the parameter is true.
- 21. Study that observes individuals and measures variables of interest but does not attempt to influence the responses.
- 24. The complement of event A is the event that A does not occur.
- 27. A variable that assigns labels that place each individual into a particular group, called a category.
- 28. Formal procedure for using observed data to decide between two competing claims
Down
- 1. Tells what values a variable takes and how often it takes these values.
- 2. Claim we weigh evidence against in a significance test.
- 5. The probability of getting evidence for the alternative hypothesis as strong as or stronger than the observed evidence when the null hypothesis is true.
- 6. An object described by a set of data.
- 7. Variable that takes number values that are quantities—counts or measurements.
- 10. Gives an interval of plausible values for a parameter.
- 11. A measure of the percent reduction in the sum of squared residuals when using the least-squares regression line to make predictions, rather than the mean value of y. In other words it measures the percent of the variability in the response variable that is accounted for by the least-squares regression line.
- 13. A number between 0 and 1 that describes the propor-tion of times an outcome of a random process would occur in a very long series of trials.
- 15. Measures the typical distance of the values in a distribution from the mean.
- 19. Measures the direction and strength of the linear relationship between two quantitative variables.
- 22. Subset of individuals in the population from which we collect data.
- 23. Fixed value α that we use as a boundary for deciding whether an observed result is too unlikely to happen by chance alone when the null hypothesis is true.
- 25. A number that describes some characteristic of a population.
- 26. Number that describes some characteristic of a sample.
- 29. Any collection of outcomes from some random process.