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- 2. This multipotent stem cell type can differentiate into adipocytes, chrondrocytes, osteoblasts, and myocytes.
- 3. In 2006, Kazutoshi Takahashi and this researcher at Kyoto University in Kyoto, Japan were the first to reprogram mouse embryonic fibroblasts into ES cell-like cells called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
- 5. Stem cells have the unique ability to self-renew and to ____________ into more than one cell lineage.
- 7. This emerging technology is a bioengineered microfluidic cell culture system with controlled conditions that mimics the microenvironment of a living human organ and recapitulates one or more organ-specific functions.
- 9. This researcher is considered the “father of hematopoiesis” as he was the first to identify and isolate blood forming stem cells in both mice and humans.
- 10. This evolving additive manufacturing process utilizes living cells or biomaterials to create complex structures such as blood vessels, bone, and organ-like structures that can serve as in vitro models for drug screening and may be used in the future for medical testing or personalized medicine.
- 12. In 2009, a landmark study by Toshiro Sato and other scientists working in this principal investigators’ laboratory at the Hubrect Institute in the Netherlands demonstrated that single Lgr5 adult intestinal stem cells could form 3-D intestinal crypt-villus structures in vitro in the absence of a mesenchymal niche.
- 14. This embryonic germ layer gives rise to tissues that develop into the lining of the digestive and respiratory systems.
- 15. This process of de novo blood vessel formation occurs during embryogenesis via the differentiation of endothelial precursor cells.
- 16. This term refers to stem cell-derived 3-D in vitro culture system that re-creates the cellular composition and architecture of a human organ and exhibits functional similarities.
- 17. This is the process whereby the nucleus is removed from both an unfertilized egg and the cell of a donor and the donor cell nucleus is injected into the egg and allowed to divide, creating a line of stem cells that is genetically identical to the donor’s cells.
- 18. Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of this early stage of embryonic development, which typically lasts from the fourth to the seventh day after fertilization in humans.
- 20. This is the microenvironment within a specific anatomical location where stem cells reside and receive extrinsic signals that regulate their fate and behavior.
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- 1. This type of medicine promotes the repair of diseased, dysfunctional, or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives.
- 4. Using adult stem cells or umbilical cord blood, this type of transplant, also known as a hematopoietic stem cell transplant, has been used in patients to replace cells damaged by chemotherapy or disease and to fight some forms of cancer including leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma.
- 6. This type of stem cell is able to give rise to all the embryonic and adult cell types in the body, including the extraembryonic or placental cells.
- 8. Adult stem cells and this type of stem cells are considered multipotent because they can develop into more than one cell type but are more limited than pluripotent cells.
- 11. Stem cell-based therapies have the potential of being able treat ________ disorders, which includes Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), due to their ability to replace lost or damaged cells, protect healthy cells from further damage, or create an environment that promotes neurogenesis.
- 13. Scientists working in this principal investigators’ lab at the University of Wisconsin were the first to grow human embryonic stem cells in a culture dish in 1998 and develop human pluripotent stem cells from adult skin cells in 2007.
- 19. This was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell using the process of nuclear transfer from a cell taken from a mammary gland.