Take Home Exam 2

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Across
  1. 1. The Warburg effect explains that in the presence of oxygen, pyruvate in cancer cells primarily produces ________, whereas in normal cells, when oxygen is present, pyruvate primarily produces ATP and only a small amount of _______. (LO11)
  2. 7. A reaction synthesizing compound V with a ΔG value of -52.8 kJ/mol would be classified as _______. (LO6)
  3. 9. Glycolysis is an example of a___pathway, while gluconeogenesis is an example of an___pathway. (LO1)
  4. 11. The highly negative ΔG values of ATP hydrolysis and oxidation can be coupled with endergonic reactions to drive the less favorable reactions forward. A __________ intermediate lowers the energy barrier to reach the acyl phosphate product in the redox reactions of glycolysis by preserving the free energy released from the oxidation reaction.(LO7)
  5. 12. Redox reactions consist of oxidation and____. It has an electron carrier because there needs to be something that will hold the electrons lost through____and carry them to the other side through reduction. (LO2)
Down
  1. 2. In the glycolysis reaction, the oxidation of carbon is coupled with the formation of ________, – a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction–using a thioester intermediate to preserve the release of free energy from the oxidation reaction to make the reaction favorable. (LO8)
  2. 3. The _____ forms of NAD and FAD are NAD+ and FAD, and the ______ forms of NAD and FAD are NADH and FADH2.(LO3)
  3. 4. The higher the free energy of oxidation and overall energy of a single carbon compound the _______ stable it is and more useful as a fuel.(LO4)
  4. 5. Catabolism are reactions that ___fuels and turn them into cellular energy. Anabolism are reactions that___energy. (LO1)
  5. 6. ATP’s exceptionally high phosphoryl-transfer potential means the free energy change of ATP hydrolysis is very __________. (LO5)
  6. 8. True or False: PET scans utilize a radioactive sugar to identify tumorous cells metabolizing abnormally low amounts of glucose. (LO10)
  7. 10. Both 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate and phosphoenolpyruvate perform substrate-level phosphorylation by transferring a phosphate group to _____, a molecule with lower phosphoryl transfer potential, forming ATP. (LO9)