Across
- 8. Using clues in the passage to figure out a meaning of an unfamiliar word.
- 11. Rhetoric refers to the study and uses of written, spoken and visual language. It investigates how language is used to organize and maintain social groups, construct meanings and identities, coordinate behavior, mediate power, produce change, and create knowledge
- 12. irony when a person says one thing but means the opposite.
- 13. An author's purpose is reflected in the way he writes about a topic. For instance, if his purpose is to amuse, he will use jokes or anecdotes in his writing. Clues to an author's purpose may be found in titles, prefaces, and the author's background.
- 15. The tone can be identified by looking at word choices and phrases. Take time to look at the language. An author uses words to create meaning. For example, a dog described as a lovable puppy is positive, but one described as a fierce fighter is more frightening.
- 16. irony when the audience knows something that characters do not.
- 17. Ask, “What is a central message?” (the big idea of a story)“How do you determine the central message of a story?” (You look for key details throughout the story. The key details all connect to a single central message.) Remind students that a story sometimes has a lesson, or something the author wants readers to learn.
Down
- 1. In most cases, an author's claims and ideas are developed through the structure of the text itself. By carefully choosing words and arranging sentences, paragraphs, and sections, an author is able to develop claims and reveal the text's deeper meaning.
- 2. The plot structure is how the author or creator structures the sequences of events e.g. scenes.
- 3. Author's perspective is defined as the way an author looks at a topic or idea. Sometimes, an author uses particular words or phrases to tell a reader what the feelings and opinions are about a topic, or they have characters say or do things within a text that implies their point of view.
- 4. Idea To determine the main idea of a text, think about what the text is mostly about. Identify the topic and figure out what is mostly being said about it. Once the main idea is written, prove it is correct by finding three or more pieces of text evidence to support it.
- 5. Piece together clues from the text and filter them through knowledge you already have.
- 6. Good readers are able to cite evidence by including a quotation, or exact sentences from the text, or paraphrasing the author's words or ideas.
- 7. You can think of mood as the atmosphere of the story. To describe mood, you should think about the setting and the language used by the author. In the opening story, we saw the setting as dark and the weather angry. The narrator used language that created fear, such as cold and black.
- 9. A theme is the central message that the author wishes to convey though a literary work. Example themes include; courage, hope, loyalty, working hard, respect etc…
- 10. irony when the opposite of what is expected happens.
- 14. Ask yourself questions about the text as you read in-depth. Pay close attention to the introduction, the first sentence of body paragraphs, and the conclusion. In these places, the author typically states and supports the main idea.