The Atmosphere

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Across
  1. 5. – the mnemonic device for the layers of the atmosphere
  2. 6. – the transfer of heat by mass movement or circulation within a substance
  3. 9. – this occurs in December in the Northern Hemisphere
  4. 11. – Unlike conduction and convection, which need material to travel through, radiant energy can travel through the ____________ of space.
  5. 12. – the state of the atmosphere at any given time and place
  6. 13. – Earth has these two main movements
  7. 15. – the source of all clouds and precipitation
  8. 16. – About 50 percent of the solar energy that strikes the top of the atmosphere reaches Earth’s surface and is _____________.
  9. 21. – the weight of the air above
  10. 23. – lines on a weather map that connect points where the temperature is the same
  11. 25. – produces a larger number of weaker rays that travel in different directions
  12. 27. – the layer of the atmosphere where commercial planes cruise at 28,000 – 35,000 ft
  13. 28. – the time or date at which the sun crosses the celestial equator, when day and night are of equal length
  14. 29. – __________ heats more rapidly and to higher temperatures than water.
  15. 30. – this occurs in September in the Northern Hemisphere
  16. 31. – If this did not filter UV radiation, Earth would be uninhabitable for humans
  17. 32. – The __________ can greatly influence temperatures experienced at a specific location.
  18. 33. – the transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity
  19. 36. – the layer of the atmosphere that’s above the stratosphere and is characterized by decreasing temperatures with height
Down
  1. 1. – a mixture of different gasses and particles
  2. 2. – auroras occur in this layer of the atmosphere
  3. 3. – the transfer of energy (heat) through space by electromagnetic waves that travel out in all directions
  4. 4. – the layer of the atmosphere that’s about 6,200 miles (10,000 kilometers) thick
  5. 7. – a measure of the average kinetic energy of the individual atoms or molecules in a substance
  6. 8. – Different forms of energy emitted by the sun
  7. 10. – the energy transferred from one object to another because of a difference in the objects’ temperature
  8. 12. – The hottest radiating bodies produce the shortest _________ of maximum radiation.
  9. 14. - a luminous phenomenon that consists of arches of light appearing in the upper atmosphere
  10. 17. – weather that have been collected over a long period of time
  11. 18. – the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon
  12. 19. – light bounces off an object
  13. 20. – this occurs in March in the Northern Hemisphere
  14. 22. – the bottom layer of the atmosphere
  15. 24. – the fraction of total radiation that is reflected by any surface
  16. 26. – the heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere from solar radiation being absorbed and emitted by the atmosphere
  17. 34. – this occurs in June in the Northern Hemisphere
  18. 35. – The __________ setting can greatly influence temperatures experienced at a specific location.