The Columbian Exchange

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Across
  1. 2. a deadly Old World disease that devastated Indigenous populations in the Americas.
  2. 4. a respiratory disease transferred from Europeans to Indigenous populations,
  3. 6. a New World crop that supported major population growth when introduced to Europe.
  4. 9. a staple crop from the Americas that became essential to diets in Europe and Africa.
  5. 11. the explorer whose 1492 voyage initiated sustained contact between Europe and the Americas, triggering the Columbian Exchange.
  6. 13. the horrific transatlantic journey enslaved Africans endured en route to the Americas.
  7. 15. the process of increasing worldwide interconnectedness, which began accelerating during the age of exploration.
  8. 16. an Old World grain introduced to the Americas and grown on plantations.
  9. 17. Old World animals reintroduced to the Americas, transforming transportation and hunting.
  10. 18. the term used by Europeans to describe the newly encountered Americas during exploration.
  11. 22. the establishment of settlements and control by European powers in the Americas, influencing language, religion, and culture.
  12. 25. the spread of ideas, beliefs, languages, and traditions between interacting societies through contact.
  13. 27. a large agricultural estate in the Americas where enslaved labor was used to grow cash crops.
  14. 28. the forced movement of millions of Africans to the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries.
Down
  1. 1. an American crop that transformed global cuisines, particularly in Europe.
  2. 3. a European grain brought to the Americas, becoming a key food crop.
  3. 5. a plant native to the Americas that became a profitable global cash crop.
  4. 7. referring to the native peoples of the Americas who were heavily affected by European diseases and colonization.
  5. 8. the movement of peoples, plants, animals, diseases, and cultures between the Old World and New World beginning with European exploration.
  6. 10. livestock brought by Europeans that reshaped agriculture and diets in the New World.
  7. 12. domesticated birds brought from the Old World to the New World.
  8. 13. a highly contagious viral infection brought to the Americas by Europeans, causing widespread epidemics.
  9. 14. Old World animals introduced to the Americas, influencing farming and textiles.
  10. 19. the regions of Europe, Asia, and Africa involved in trade, migration, and cultural diffusion during the age of exploration.
  11. 20. the system of trade connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas during the age of exploration, including goods and enslaved people.
  12. 21. an Old World crop brought to the Caribbean, leading to large plantations and increased demand for slave labor.
  13. 23. the plant used to make chocolate, transported from the Americas to Europe.
  14. 24. the body’s resistance to disease, which Indigenous peoples lacked against many European illnesses.
  15. 26. a native crop of the Americas widely spread through the Columbian Exchange.