Across
- 3. Company that controls one or more subsidiaries.
- 6. Fill in the blank: Liability of members in a company limited by shares is ______ to the unpaid amount.
- 7. The principle that a company continues despite death of members.
- 13. Kind of share capital with priority over dividend and repayment.
- 14. MOA clause that defines the maximum share capital a company can raise.
- 15. Case establishing that shareholders have no insurable interest in company’s property.
- 17. Document that defines the scope and objectives of a company.
- 18. Human agency through which an artificial legal person functions.
- 20. Special provisions in AOA restricting alteration except under stricter conditions.
- 22. Kind of share capital with voting rights.
- 23. Document evidencing company’s indebtedness, not part of share capital.
- 24. Document that regulates internal management of a company.
- 27. Official signature of a company, now optional under the 2015 amendment.
- 32. Section 8 company is formed for ______ objects instead of profit.
- 33. Case where company formation was used to avoid a legal obligation, leading to veil lifting.
- 34. Type of company where liability of members has no limit.
- 35. Distribution of profits to shareholders.
- 36. Status of a company formed for a future project or holding asset without active business.
- 38. Person protected under the 2013 Act for reporting corporate misconduct.
- 39. Case where the court lifted the corporate veil to identify an enemy company.
- 40. Feature of company law that distinguishes company’s identity from its members.
Down
- 1. Fill in the blank: Liability of members in a company limited by ______ is restricted to an agreed amount.
- 2. Invitation to public for subscribing company’s shares or debentures.
- 4. A company whose securities are traded on a recognized stock exchange.
- 5. Type of company formed to cultivate savings among members.
- 8. Reason for which courts may pierce corporate veil if incorporation is used for improper purpose.
- 9. New class of company introduced under Section 2(62).
- 10. Courts may lift corporate veil to protect ______ in cases of tax evasion.
- 11. Type of notice presumed for MOA and AOA once filed with Registrar.
- 12. Landmark case that established the principle of separate legal entity.
- 16. Type of company where liability is limited to an agreed sum undertaken in the MOA.
- 19. Process by which a company is registered with the Registrar of Companies.
- 21. Fill in the blank: Before amendment, every company had to authenticate documents with a common ______.
- 25. Rule that protects outsiders dealing in good faith with a company.
- 26. Company where another company has significant influence (20% or more voting power).
- 28. Company controlled by another through majority shareholding or board control.
- 29. Corporate ______ refers to separation of company from members.
- 30. Acts done beyond the scope of the memorandum.
- 31. Authority with which incorporation documents are filed.
- 37. A subsidiary acting merely on behalf of its parent is treated as its ______.