The Constitution

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Across
  1. 7. Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out.
  2. 8. Compromise agreement by states at the Constitutional Convention for a bicameral legislature with a lower house in which representation would be based on population and an upper house in which each state would have two senators.
  3. 9. The set of arrangements, including checks and balances, federalism,
  4. 10. The principle of a two-house legislature.
  5. 14. Congress appropriates funds for a specific purpose, such as school lunches or for building airports and highways.
  6. 15. Constitutional grant of powers that enables each of the three branches of government to check some acts of the others and therefore ensure that no branch can dominate.
  7. 19. Congress appropriates a certain sum, which is allocated to state and local units and sometimes to nongovernmental agencies, based on applications from those who wish to participate.
  8. 20. Opponents of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central government, generally
  9. 21. Government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly.
  10. 24. A government that enforces recognized limits on those who govern and allows the voice of the people to be heard through free, fair, and relatively frequent
  11. 25. rule of law due process, and a bill of rights, that requires our leaders to listen, think, bargain, and explain before they act or make laws. We then hold them politically and legally accountable for how they exercise their powers.
  12. 26. Compromise between northern and southern states at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the slave population would be counted for determining direct taxation and representation in the House of Representatives.
Down
  1. 1. Supporters of ratification of the Constitution and of a strong central government.
  2. 2. Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law.
  3. 3. Governance according to the expressed preferences of the majority.
  4. 4. Proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by William Paterson of New Jersey for a central government with a single-house legislature in which each state would berepresented equally.
  5. 5. Government by the people, both directly or indirectly, with free and frequent
  6. 6. Initial proposal at the Constitutional Convention made by the Virginia delegation for a strong central government with a bicameral legislature dominated by the big states.
  7. 11. Procedure whereby a certain number of voters may, by petition, propose a law or constitutional amendment and have it submitted to the voters.
  8. 12. Procedure for submitting to popular vote measures passed by the legislature or proposed amendments to a state constitution
  9. 13. Clause in the Constitution (Article 4, Section 1) requiring each state to recognize the civil judgments rendered by the courts of the other states and to accept their public records and acts as valid.
  10. 16. Legal process whereby an alleged criminal offender is surrendered by the officials of one states to officials of the state in which the cri
  11. 17. These are broad state grants to states for whatever it wants
  12. 18. Government in which the people elect those who govern and pass laws; also called a republic.
  13. 22. The first governing document of the confederated states drafted in1777, ratified in 1781, and replaced by the present Constitution in 1789.
  14. 23. Views the Constitution as giving a limited list of powers—primarily foreign policy and national defense—to the national government, leaving the rest to the sovereign states.