The French Revolution

4. member of a radical political organization.
6. the alliance with Russia, Prussia, and Austria in defense of religion and the established order after the Congress of Vienna.
9. a conflict, from 1808 to 1813, in which Spanish rebels, with the aid of the British, drove out Napoleon's French troops out of Spain.
11. the practice of burning crops and killing livestock so that the enemy cannot live off the land.
13. system proposed by the European nations to maintain their power, oppose revolutionary movements, weaken the forces of nationalism, and uphold the balance of power.
15. an assembly of representatives from all three estates.
17. vote of the people.
18. king of France from 1774 to 1792; his failure to grant reforms led to the French Revolution.
19. a machine used to execute prisoners during the French Revolution.
20. nobles and others who had fled France.

1. an agreement.
2. Assembly a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people.
3. a wave of senseless panic that spread through France after the storming of Bastille in 1789.
5. a sudden seizure of political power in a nation.
7. a French congress with the power to create laws and approve declarations of war, established by the Constitution of 1791.
8. French general, political leader, and emperor of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
10. queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular; her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy.
12. period, from mid-1793 to mid-1794, when Robespierre ruled France almost as a dictator and thousands were executed.
14. a radical group made up of Parisian wage-earners and small shopkeepers who wanted a greater voice in government, lower prices, and an end to food shortages.
16. government-run public schools.