Across
- 2. Spanish word for "cowboy"
- 4. Spanish-speaking citizens of Texas
- 8. major trade route between Santa Fe and Independence
- 9. self-sufficient, fortified, religious community
- 10. upperclass owners of cattle ranches
- 11. mainstay of California's economy
- 13. __ thrived in New Mexico's dry climate.
- 14. person of mixed European and Native American heritage
Down
- 1. Only about 700 Americans lived in __ in 1845.
- 3. group that was exploited by missions
- 5. __ was a sparsely populated region where settlers faced recurring raids by the Comanche and Apache.
- 6. launched by disgruntled settlers of New Mexico in 1837
- 7. __ was often the first stopping point for Americans reaching California.
- 8. As trade increased, a small American population settled in __.
- 12. Means "transfer from religious control to civil control"