Across
- 5. Actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form this dynamic scaffold.
- 7. Non-membranous complex translating mRNA into amino acid chains.
- 8. Stacked cisternae where proteins receive glycosylation and are sorted into vesicles.
- 9. Non-membrane-bound nuclear body specializing in rRNA synthesis and ribosome assembly.
- 11. In plants, its osmotic potential regulates turgor pressure.
- 13. Rigid extracellular matrix of cellulose or chitin, absent in animals.
- 14. Semi-fluid matrix where glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway initiate.
Down
- 1. Cristae increase its surface area for the electron transport chain.
- 2. Diverse plant organelles including amyloplasts for starch, chromoplasts for pigments.
- 3. Acidic vesicle housing hydrolases, essential for autophagy.
- 4. Structure stabilized by amphipathic molecules arranged tail-to-tail, crucial for selective permeability.
- 5. Condensed DNA-protein structures visible during metaphase.
- 6. Double-membraned structure where transcription is compartmentalized away from translation.
- 10. Site of light-dependent reactions in thylakoid membranes.
- 12. Short, numerous, motile projections built from microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement.
- 15. ER Detoxifies hydrophobic compounds and manufactures phospholipids; continuous with the nuclear envelope.