Across
- 4. a rapid rise in prices
- 6. open, treeless grassland
- 8. title of the ruler of the Russian empire
- 10. outbreak of rapidly spreading disease
- 12. everyday language of ordinary people
- 14. Latin term for the “Middle Ages”
- 18. ruler who has complete authority
- 19. highest church official in Eastern Orthodox Christianity
- 20. exclusion from the church as penalty for refusing to obey church law
- 21. holy image of a saint
- 22. term used to describe the Mongol army
- 23. relating to the Slavic alphabet derived from the Greek
Down
- 1. triangular arm of land that juts from southeastern Europe into the Mediterranean
- 2. A lord’s estate which included villages and the surrounding lands
- 3. a document that set out the rights and privileges of a town
- 5. a salaried worker employed by a guild master
- 7. a system of rule in which powerful local lords divide land among lesser lords
- 9. a peasant bound to the lord’s land
- 11. code of conduct for knights
- 13. people who share the same language and cultural heritage
- 15. series of wars in which Christians tried to win control of the Holy Land from Muslims
- 16. Association of merchants or artisans who work together to protect their economic interests
- 17. “city of Constantine”, center of the Byzantine Empire