The Middle Ages

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Across
  1. 2. The head of the Roman Catholic Church from 1088 to 1099 CE who issued the first crusade.
  2. 3. Founder of Islam; an Arabian religious, political, and social leader.
  3. 6. National heroine of France who lead France to victory during the 100 Years’ War; a Catholic Saint.
  4. 7. The king of the Franks in 768 and Holy Roman Emperor.
  5. 9. Members of an East Asian ethnic group known for their fierce warfare and brutality.
  6. 10. Wife of Justinian.
  7. 13. Emperor of the Byzantine Empire from 527 to 565 CE.
  8. 15. Muslim traveler and author of the Rihla.
  9. 16. A deadly bacterial disease (Yersinia Pestis) which spread rapidly throughout Europe during the 14th and 15th centuries.
  10. 17. The ongoing conflict and battles between England and France over who had the right to the French throne; lasted from 1337 to 1453 CE.
  11. 20. A series of wars in Spain and Portugal in attempts for Christians to recapture land taken by the Muslims.
  12. 21. Venetian explorer, writer, and merchant.
  13. 24. One of the largest African Empires in history; located in Sahel during the 14th and 15th centuries.
  14. 25. The French king of England from 1066 to 1087 CE known for his ruthlessness.
  15. 26. A West African empire from the 7th to the 13th century known as the “land of gold”.
  16. 27. A period of educational, scientific, mathematic, cultural, and economical achievements within the Islamic world from the 8th to 13th century.
  17. 28. Muslim Ruler of Egypt and Syria who sought to capture Jerusalem from the Christians.
  18. 29. The formal splitting of the Medieval Church into the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in 1054 CE.
Down
  1. 1. The period of European history from the collapse of the Roman Empire (5th century CE) to the beginning of the Renaissance period (14th century CE).
  2. 4. The (supposed) richest man to ever live.
  3. 5. The King of England from 1199 to 1216 CE who signed the Magna Carta.
  4. 8. The center of learning and library located within Baghdad during the Islamic Golden Ages.
  5. 11. A series of attempts made by Christian crusaders to take the Holy land of Jerusalem from the Muslims from 1095 to 1204 CE.
  6. 12. Founder of the Mongolian Empire.
  7. 13. A powerful West African Empire from the 13th to 17th century that took over the gold trade after the fall of the Empire of Ghana.
  8. 14. The power struggle between Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV over who had the right to appoint bishops.
  9. 18. A system of stable social order in which people were bound by loyalty.
  10. 19. The Holy book of Islam.
  11. 22. A period of peace within the Mongolian Empire during the 13th and 14th centuries.
  12. 23. A code of behavior a devote knight would follow.