The Middle Ages

2. An area of land held by a vassal from a lord in exchange for service.
5. The charter of liberties King John of England was forced to sign in 1215.
7. An association of artisans or merchants who controlled the practice of their craft in a particular town.
9. The devastating pandemic that swept through Europe in the mid-14th century, wiping out a large portion of the population
11. A person who held land under the feudal system on conditions of homage and allegiance to a lord.
12. An artist who illuminated manuscripts or painted miniatures.
13. A young nobleman acting as an attendant to a knight before becoming a knight himself.

1. The medieval knight's code of ideal behavior, stressing courage, honor, and courtesy.
3. A person holding religious opinions contrary to the accepted doctrine of the Church.
4. A mounted soldier serving under a feudal superior, typically armored.
6. A large, fortified building or group of buildings typically of the Middle Ages, home to a lord or noble.
8. The dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which land was exchanged for service and loyalty.
10. The lord's house and land in the countryside, often the center of a feudal estate.