The Middle Ages

2. A religious person who lived in a monastery and devoted their life to prayer and service
8. A code of conduct for knights emphasizing honor, loyalty, courage, and protection of the weak
10. The land owned by a noble, including the castle, village, and farmland
12. A large church that served as the center of religious life in a medieval city
13. An association of craftspeople or merchants in the same trade who set standards and protected their interests
15. A young person learning a trade from a skilled craftsperson
16. A peasant bound to the land; they could not leave without permission
17. A person who pledged loyalty and service to a noble in exchange for land and protection
18. A widespread disease; the Black Death killed millions in 14th-century Europe

1. The head of the Roman Catholic Church
3. A warrior who served a noble and followed the code of chivalry
4. A water-filled ditch surrounding a castle for protection
5. Metal clothing worn by knights for protection in battle
6. A fortified residence of a noble, designed for defense
7. A community where monks lived, worked, and studied; centers of learning during the Middle Ages
9. A system where nobles held land and granted it to vassals in exchange for loyalty and military service
11. A bridge that could be raised or lowered to control access to a castle
12. A religious military campaign, especially those fought to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslims
14. Contract — An agreement between a lord and vassal outlining duties and obligations
18. A common laborer or farmer with little wealth or status