Across
- 1. Losing so many people gave room for a _____ class to evolve, as many opened shops and crafted goods to sell.
- 3. A group that started in the minority.
- 6. Most people associate this time with brutal cruelty, devastating wars, and great _____.
- 9. The Articles of the _____, the rough draft that later became the Magna Carta.
- 14. Rounded up by the Romans and forced to battle the fierce gladiators in the _____.
- 16. The period of European history between the 5th century and the 15th century.
- 18. The booming population put a strain on food production, resulting in famine, starvation, and _____.
- 20. The church’s teachings were divided into two philosophies – the Eastern _____ Church and the Catholic Church.
- 21. A powerful Germanic tribe.
- 23. The demise of the _____ Empire marked the start of the Middle Ages.
- 27. A charismatic leader and extraordinary military strategist named _____ used his power of persuasion and his great armies to unite much of Western Europe.
- 28. The plague forced people to think differently about politics and religion and become more _____.
- 30. After _____ died, the Byzantine Empire splintered.
- 31. A foolish and self-centered leader.
- 32. France was thrown into turmoil when King _____ IV failed to produce an heir to the throne.
- 33. For centuries, ____ held tight control over much of Europe, parts of Northern Africa, and portions of the Middle East.
Down
- 1. The _____ ensured that the king would protect the holdings of land barons in England from outside invaders, such as France.
- 2. The Middle Ages is almost synonymous with knights riding off to the Holy Land to fight in the _____.
- 4. The Battle of _____ in 1066 was fought to establish the crown's rightful heir.
- 5. The fleas that bit the rats then transmitted the disease (_____ plague) to the humans they bit.
- 7. The Byzantine Empire was centered in _____.
- 8. Christians, Jews, and _____ all felt a connection to the Holy Land in the Middle East.
- 10. King _____ felt it was more important to go on Crusades than to deal with matters back in England.
- 11. One group able to gain more power and control after Rome's fall.
- 12. It's often considered as a time when society, academics, and the arts did a _____ slide.
- 13. Regardless of the differences, _____ worked its way into all aspects of life for people living in the Middle Ages, becoming the most powerful entity of its time.
- 15. In-fighting and _____ wars weakened Rome from the inside-out.
- 17. The Black Death caused people to question the Christian Church's _____, become more superstitious, and worry about their reliance on others for food.
- 19. The Maid of Orleans
- 22. Beginning in 1095 and lasting until 1291, pious European knights banded together to journey on Crusades to _____ and other key locations in the Holy Land.
- 24. The _____ were descended from the Germanic Anglo-Saxons.
- 25. A Goth leader.
- 26. The War of French Succession was also known as The '_____ Years' War.
- 29. Historians believe that the deadly disease killed as much as a _____ of the population of Europe.