"The Muslim World"

2. Muhammad’s migration from Mecca to Yathrib (Medina) in a.d.
4. a dynasty that ruled the Muslim Empire from a.d. 661 to 750 and later established a kingdom in al-Andalus.
7. a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government.
8. the holy book of Islam.
11. leader and the founder of the world religion of Islam.
13. happens during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan, between dawn and sunset.
15. (apart from The Five Pillars) money or food is given to poor people.
16. a Muslim who seeks to achieve direct contact with God through mystical means.
17. a dynasty that ruled much of the Muslim Empire from A.D. 750 to 1258.
18. a city in Saudi Arabia, the holiest city.
19. the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad.
20. a pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims.

1. the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad.
3. a complex, ornate design
5. God (an Arabic word, used mainly in Islam)
6. a journey to a sacred place for religious reasons.
9. the art of beautiful handwriting.
10. a member of a Muslim dynasty that traced its ancestry to Muhammad’s daughter Fatima.
12. Muslim-ruled region in what is now Spain, established in the eighth-century a.d.
14. an Islamic place of worship.