"The Muslim World Crossword Puzzle"

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Across
  1. 1. the first caliph
  2. 5. rejected the luxurious life of the Umayyads
  3. 6. banks offered it to merchants to encourage trade
  4. 7. a Muslim ruled region in what is now Spain
  5. 11. a dynasty that ruled the Muslim Empire from A.D 661 to 750
  6. 14. a center of learning established in Baghdad
  7. 16. the art of beautiful handwriting
  8. 17. a decoration which is a complex, ornate design it includes flowers, leaves, and geometric patterns
  9. 18. the most powerful rebel group whom took over the empire
Down
  1. 1. al-khwarizni, a mathematician developed the technique called
  2. 2. used to calculate the time of day or year
  3. 3. Arab innovation used to calculate time, celestial events, and relative position
  4. 4. caliphate formed by shi'a Muslims which claimed to descend from Muhammad's daughter Fatima
  5. 8. group called meaning "party" of Ali
  6. 9. allowed conquered peoples to follow their own religion
  7. 10. a title which means "successor" or "deputy"
  8. 11. the second caliph
  9. 12. whenever out in public, they were expected to be veiled
  10. 13. they helped form an extraordinary Muslim state in southern Spain
  11. 15. followers of Muhammads example/ accepted the Umayyads rule