The Neuron

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Across
  1. 2. potential The voltage across the membrane when the neuron is not firing.
  2. 4. pressure The force that moves ions toward areas of opposite charge.
  3. 5. neurons Neurons that send signals from the CNS to muscles.
  4. 11. A negatively charged ion involved in inhibitory signaling.
  5. 12. of Ranvier A gap in the myelin sheath where action potentials occur.
  6. 15. The most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
  7. 16. A substance that blocks or inhibits the action of a neurotransmitter or drug.
  8. 17. The passive movement of ions from areas of high to low concentration.
  9. 20. conduction The slower spread of electrical signals in unmyelinated axons.
  10. 22. period The time after an action potential when a neuron cannot fire another one.
  11. 23. Immune cells of the nervous system that remove debris and pathogens.
  12. 24. Neurons that process information within the CNS.
  13. 25. The junction between two neurons where communication occurs.
  14. 27. A substance that mimics or enhances the effect of a neurotransmitter or drug.
  15. 28. The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.
  16. 30. The process of returning to the resting potential after depolarization.
  17. 33. A glial cell that supports neurons in the CNS.
  18. 34. cell A glial cell that forms the myelin sheath in the PNS.
  19. 35. plasticity The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken over time.
  20. 36. neurons Neurons that carry information from sensory receptors to the CNS.
  21. 37. for excitation The level of depolarization required to trigger an action potential.
  22. 38. potential A brief electrical signal that travels along the axon.
Down
  1. 1. When the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential.
  2. 3. An ion responsible for depolarization during an action potential.
  3. 6. A glial cell that forms the myelin sheath in the CNS.
  4. 7. gradient The combined force of electrical and chemical gradients driving ion movement.
  5. 8. The basic unit of the nervous system.
  6. 9. The fatty substance that insulates axons.
  7. 10. cleft The small gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released.
  8. 13. A decrease in membrane potential making the inside of the neuron less negative.
  9. 14. A chemical messenger that transmits signals between neurons.
  10. 18. pump The protein that restores resting potential by exchanging ions.
  11. 19. Positively charged ions, such as sodium or potassium.
  12. 21. hillock The part of the neuron where action potentials are initiated.
  13. 26. conduction The rapid movement of action potentials between nodes of Ranvier.
  14. 29. Negatively charged ions, such as chloride or proteins.
  15. 31. An ion that exits the cell during repolarization.
  16. 32. term potentiation A long-lasting increase in synaptic strength thought to underlie learning and memory.