The Periodic Table

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  1. 3. Shiny, soft, highly reactive metals at standard temperature and pressure. They readily lose their outermost electron to form cations with a charge +1. Due to their reactivity, they must be stored under oil to prevent reaction with air, and are found naturally only in salts and never as free elements.
  2. 4. This group comprises the so-called chalcogenide elements with the general electronic configuration ns^2 np^4. Ores of Copper are oxides or sulfides, and such ores contain trace amounts of Selenium and Tellurium.
  3. 5. This group, meaning "Salt-producing", is the only Periodic Table group that contains elements in three of the main states of matter. This family contains the most electronegative element.
  4. 7. The majority of the elements in this group are hard, strong, and lustrous, have high melting and boiling points, and are good conductors of heat and electricity. The 8 noble metals are also found in this group.
  5. 9. Odorless, colorless, monatomic gases with very low chemical reactivity. These elements are said to be "Inert" with a full valence shell.
  6. 10. This group of elements includes the 15 Lanthanides on the Periodic Table including Scandium and Yttrium. These elements are necessary components of more than 200 products across a wide range of applications including high-tech consumer products such as cellular phones, computer hard drives, and flat-screen monitors.
Down
  1. 1. with the exception of Beryllium, these metals react with water to form strongly alkaline hydroxides. They each have two electrons in their valence shell.
  2. 2. This family gains metallicity while moving down the group which contains one nonmetal, two metalloids, and two metals. Allotropes of the fourth most abundant element include Buckminsterfullerene, Graphite, and Lonsdaleite.
  3. 6. With a valence state of 5 and oxidative state of 3-, one of the elements of this family accounts for nearly 78% of our atmosphere.
  4. 8. This family includes a metalloid while the rest of the elements are metals. This family also includes the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust.