Across
- 4. A doctrine allowing a plaintiff to recover despite their own negligence if the defendant had the final opportunity to avoid the harm.
- 5. A formal agreement, often written, where the plaintiff explicitly agrees to accept a known risk.
- 7. A defense based on the plaintiff’s actions showing acceptance of a known risk, even without a formal agreement.
- 8. A defense in premises liability cases arguing that the plaintiff should have avoided a hazard that was clearly visible.
- 9. An event occurring after the defendant’s actions that contributes to the harm but does not absolve the defendant of liability.
- 12. A defense that reduces the plaintiff's damages by the percentage of their fault in causing the injury.
- 17. An unforeseeable intervening event that breaks the chain of causation, relieving the defendant of liability.
- 18. A defense where the employer argues that an employee’s deviation from their work duties absolves the employer of liability.
- 21. A system barring recovery if the plaintiff’s fault exceeds a certain threshold, typically 50% or 51%.
- 22. A defense where the plaintiff’s own negligence contributed to their injury, which can completely bar recovery in some jurisdictions.
- 23. A defense stating that a defendant acted reasonably under the stress of an emergency, which excuses what might otherwise be negligent behavior.
- 24. A defense arguing that the plaintiff knowingly and voluntarily accepted the risks associated with a dangerous activity.
- 25. A doctrine protecting charitable organizations from negligence claims under specific conditions, though this has been limited in many jurisdictions.
- 26. A doctrine shielding parents from negligence lawsuits filed by their children in certain jurisdictions.
- 27. A statute granting immunity to individuals who provide emergency assistance in good faith.
Down
- 1. A legal principle supporting immunity or defenses to negligence based on societal interests, such as encouraging emergency aid or government functions.
- 2. A defense granting immunity to landowners who allow public recreational use of their land without charging a fee.
- 3. The plaintiff's responsibility to take reasonable steps to minimize their damages after the harm occurs.
- 6. A defense barring negligence claims against employers when workers' compensation provides the exclusive remedy.
- 10. A system allowing a plaintiff to recover damages even if they are 99% at fault, with recovery reduced by their percentage of fault.
- 11. Legal arguments used by a defendant to reduce or eliminate liability for a negligence claim.
- 13. A defense arguing that an unforeseeable criminal act by a third party breaks the chain of causation and relieves the defendant of liability.
- 14. A defense asserting that the harm occurred due to circumstances beyond anyone’s control and not due to negligence.
- 15. A legal principle that prevents lawsuits against a government without its consent.
- 16. Protection provided by law that shields certain individuals or entities from liability under specific conditions.
- 19. A principle allowing rescuers to recover damages if they are injured while attempting to save others from harm caused by the defendant’s negligence.
- 20. A doctrine protecting government entities and employees from liability in certain situations unless explicitly waived.