Thermal Energy

1. the transfer of heat energy through the direct physical contact between matter or particles of matter. Examples of heat conduction would be touching the hot stovetop, or burning your feet on hot sand
3. a decrease in a material's volume when its temperature decreases.
9. the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible, where the motion of particles is minimal. It is zero on the Kelvin scale, equivalent to –273.15°C or –459.67°F.
10. the amount of energy required to raise the temperature by 1 degree Celsius but, the capacity is calculated per unit mass of a substance.
12. the condition under which two substances in physical contact with each other exchange no heat energy, or have equal heat energy
13. a form of energy that a substance has because of the movement of its molecules or atoms

2. an increase in a material’s volume as its temperature is increased.
4. the energy an object has based on its motion
5. the transfer of heat by the movement of heated parts of liquids and gases. Convection happens in liquids and gases because, unlike in a solid, molecules are able to freely move. For example, the air molecules in your living room continually move around, all moving at about the same speed
6. the energy contained within a system that is responsible for its temperature
7. a measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
8. Energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves. Common sources of radiation include UV rays and medical x-rays
11. the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of an object by 1 degree Celsius