Across
- 3. releases heat and warms its surroundings
- 6. the science of determining the change in energy of a system by measuring the heat exchange of the system with the surroundings
- 7. substance formed as the result of a chemical reaction
- 8. common unit of temperature
- 12. the amount of energy that must be added to a liquid substance to transform a quantity of that substance into a gas
- 14. process by which heat is transferred by movement of a heated fluid such as air or water
- 15. branch of chemistry concerned with the quantities of heat evolved or absorbed during chemical reactions
- 18. base unit of thermodynamic temperature
- 19. the amount of energy exerted when a force of one newton is applied over a displacement of one meter
Down
- 1. type of energy an object possesses by having a temperature
- 2. a unit of energy equivalent to the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 °C (4.1868 joules)
- 4. the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles
- 5. process by which heat is transferred from the hotter end to the colder end of an object
- 9. absorbs heat and cools its surroundings
- 10. a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction
- 11. heat capacity of a sample of the substance divided by the mass of the sample; how much energy is needed to change a substance’s temperature
- 13. type of energy an object possesses by being in motion
- 16. the transfer of thermal energy within systems by moving atoms
- 17. quantity of energy needed to melt or freeze a substance under conditions of constant pressure