Thinkers behind the Theories

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Across
  1. 4. Psychologist who challenged unitary intelligence by mapping intellect along operations, contents, and products.
  2. 5. Linked body build—endomorph, mesomorph, ectomorph—to personality traits.
  3. 9. Introduced the Intelligence Quotient by relating mental age to chronological age.
  4. 11. Humanistic psychologist who emphasised unconditional positive regard and client-centred therapy.
  5. 12. Introduced concepts like the collective unconscious, archetypes, and psychological types.
  6. 13. Used factor analysis to identify 16 basic personality traits.
  7. 15. Proposed a single underlying “general” factor believed to influence all intellectual abilities.
  8. 16. Described the General Adaptation Syndrome in response to stress.
  9. 17. Proposed a triarchic model of intelligence encompassing analytical, creative, and practical skills.
  10. 18. Developed an inkblot test to explore unconscious aspects of personality.
  11. 20. Introduced systematic desensitisation to treat phobias through gradual exposure.
  12. 21. Developed cognitive therapy targeting negative automatic thoughts.
  13. 23. Rejected a single “g” factor and identified multiple primary mental abilities; 7 to be more precise
  14. 24. Friedman and ________ linked Type A behaviour patterns with increased risk of coronary heart disease.[type A,B]
Down
  1. 1. Founded logotherapy, stressing the human search for meaning even in suffering.
  2. 2. Pioneer who designed the first practical intelligence test to identify children needing educational support.
  3. 3. Challenged Freud by emphasising social and cultural influences on personality.
  4. 6. Defined emotional intelligence as the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions. Salovey and....
  5. 7. Advocate of intelligence as plural, identifying linguistic, logical, musical, and other distinct capacities.
  6. 8. Proposed cognitive dissonance arising from conflicting beliefs and actions. Leon....what?
  7. 10. Adapted and standardized Binet’s test for American populations, giving rise to the Stanford–Binet.
  8. 14. Proposed personality dimensions based on biological factors such as extraversion and neuroticism.
  9. 19. Ancient physician who explained personality through the balance of bodily humours.
  10. 22. Proposed that striving for superiority and overcoming inferiority shape personality.