TOPIC 14. STEM CELLS

6. _________stem cells are derived from 1-2 cell stage of an embryo and have unlimited ability to form other cell or tissue types and even the embryo itself.
8. Multipotent stem cells of blood in bone marrow can differentiate to form ________cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineage.
9. These cells can be produced by treatment with transcription factors to revert intact mouse somatic cells to pluripotent state without an egg or embryo as intermediary.
10. Umbilical cord can be a source of multipotent stem cells which can be frozen for future therapeutic use and for ___________transfer.
13. Stem cells renewal mechanisms include obligatory ___________replication and stochastic differentiation
14. Interspecies mating is prevented due to the _______ binding of protein on sperm to the receptor on egg cell.

1. The formation and thickening of the fertilization envelop that surrounds the fertilised egg is caused by the_______ of hydrolytic enzymes stored in vesicles.
2. Is an example of transcription factor which triggers the development and lineage commitment or differentiation of cells.
3. Besides fibroblasts, ________can be reprogrammed into adult stem cells.
4. Cell ____________ is based on the concept that somatic cell nucleus contain all of the genes needed for full development of an embryo as proposed by Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka.
5. In _________ cloning, nucleus from patient’s somatic cell is transfer to a enucleated oocyte from a donor to generate an embryo providing stem cells that is immunologically compatible with donor patient for transplantation.
7. For safety purposes, it is important to test the induced multipotent or pluripotent stem cells for ___________ potential or neoplastic growth.
11. The __________ of stem cells decreases when cells differentiate.
12. Hematopoietic stem cells are multipotent blood stem cells comprising of the _____ and myeloid progenitor cells
15. Stem cell lines developed in the lab need to undergo pluripotency assessment using ________test.