Topic 2 and 4 recall

2. A whip-like structure found on bacterial cells that is used for cell movement.
5. When broken-off pieces of chromatid combine with another chromatid on a different chromosome during crossing over.
8. An agent that increases the rate of gene mutations above normal level.
9. The evolutionary relationships between individuals or groups of organisms
10. Each group within a phylogenetic classification system.
11. The production of many genetically identical daughter cells through cell division of the activated B or T lymphocyte after clonal selection.

1. A circular loop of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells.
3. A version of a gene.
4. The position of a gene on a chromosome.
6. A feature of an organism that increases its chance of survival in its environment.It may be anatomical, physiological or behavioural.
7. Division of the cytoplasm to produce two new cells.