Topic 4 Terms

2. a bacteria is considered this if can absorb and use DNA from its environment
3. the substance on which an enzyme acts
5. a reaction where a larger molecule is broken into smaller ones
8. an enzyme that adds water to break down a larger molecule
10. the process of using a mRNA molecule to form an amino acid sequence
12. a bacterial virus which has been fully integrated into a bacterial chromosome, leaving no other trace of the original virus
13. a whole functioning enzyme
14. an organism that uses light for energy and organic compounds as a carbon source
15. Bacterial DNA is transferred to a new bacterium by a virus.
16. a virus that attacks bacteria
17. an enzyme that is released outside the cell to catalyze reactions
18. the biochemical pathway that is a part of both aerobic respiration and fermentation

1. a reaction where smaller molecules are combined to form larger ones
2. an organism that uses inorganic chemicals to obtain energy
4. the process of transferring information from a gene to a mRNA molecule
6. an inactive enzyme that must bind to a cofactor to become functional
7. DNA from the environment being absorbed by a bacterium, which is then genetically changed
9. an organism that uses carbon dioxide for carbon and chemical compounds for energy
11. an enzyme used to help form large polymers