Training for Aerobic Endurance

1. the movement of air in and out of the lungs for gas exchange.
4. the study of genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms.
6. one of the two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out to the lungs or the rest of the body.
8. the narrowing of blood vessels, which decreases blood flow and increases blood pressure.
10. the ability to sustain physical or mental effort over an extended period of time.
12. a compound produced when glucose is broken down and oxidized incompletely, often during intense exercise when oxygen levels are low.
13. proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed in the process.
15. the ability of the heart or muscles to contract with force.
21. changes or adjustments in an organism or system that improve its ability to survive or function in a specific environment.
24. organelles within cells that produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.
25. relating to a metabolic state (ketosis) where the body uses fat instead of carbohydrates for energy, or a diet promoting this state.

2. describing diseases that are not spread from person to person, such as diabetes or heart disease.
3. natural compounds found in plants that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
5. a chronic disease where the body cannot properly regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels.
7. a medical procedure involving an incision to treat, repair, or remove parts of the body.
9. a condition characterized by excessive body fat that increases the risk of health problems.
11. a negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom and plays a key role in chemical reactions and electricity.
14. the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes.
16. the widening of blood vessels, which increases blood flow.
17. relating to the veins, which carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
18. a chemical reaction in which a substance loses electrons, often involving the combination with oxygen.
19. the smallest blood vessels in the body where the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste occurs between blood and tissues.
20. relating to the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to fill with blood.
22. relating to processes that require oxygen, such as aerobic respiration or aerobic exercise.
23. a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.