Across
- 2. flow (mass transfer and bulk flow) movement of fluids down a pressure or temperature gradient.
- 7. sap fluid transported in phloem sieve tube elements of a plant.
- 8. the sticking together of particles of the same substance.
- 10. a type of water-conducting cell in the xylem that lacks perforations in the cell wall.
- 14. flowering plant with an embryo that bears two cotyledons (seed leaves). Typically have broad, stalked leaves with netlike veins.
- 18. Removes sucrose from the phloem
- 19. region of the plant cell wall in which secondary wall is interrupted, exposing the underlying primary cell wall.
- 20. the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere
- 24. the inner tissue (parenchyma) of a leaf, containing many chloroplasts.
- 25. pathway water moves between cytoplasm/vacuoles of adjacent cells, near the xylem, the Casparian strip forms an impenetrable barrier to water in the cell walls, and water must move into the cytoplasm to continue.
- 29. strip a band of cell wall material deposited in the radial and transverse walls of the endodermis, and is chemically different from the rest of the cell wall; made of Suberin and sometimes lignin.
- 32. a flowering plant with an embryo that bears a single cotyledon (seed leaf). Typically have elongated stalkless leaves with parallel veins.
- 33. a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis.
- 37. detail diagrams generally shows individual cells.
- 38. a plant that needs very little water.
- 39. hairs each pf a large number of elongated microscopic outgrowths from the outer layer of cells in a root, absorbing moisture and nutrients from the soil.
- 40. cells a thin-walled unsuberized cell found in the endodermis of vascular plants often opposite the protoxylem strands —called also transfusion cell.
- 42. Bundles a strand of conducting vessels in the stem or leaves of a plant, typically with phloem on the outside and xylem on the inside.
- 44. plant polysaccharide, it is made by the glucan sythase-like gene (GLS) in various places within a plant. it is produced to act as a temporary cell wall in response to stimuli such as stress or damage
- 45. Plates an area of relatively large pores present in the common end walls of sieve tube elements
Down
- 1. the sticking together of particles of different substances
- 3. an inert impermeable waxy substance present in the cell walls of corky tissues.
- 4. Elements (aka vessel member/trachea) cell type in xylem and the building blocks of vessels.
- 5. the products of photosynthesis that are transported around a plant, e.g., sucrose
- 6. an inner layer of cells in the cortex of a root and of some stems, surrounding a vascular bundle.
- 9. the transport of assimilates such as sucrose through a plant, in phloem tissue; requires the input of metabolic energy; term is sometimes used more generally to include transport in the xylem.
- 11. tissue strengthened by the thickening of cell walls, as in young shoots.
- 12. the vascular tissue in plants that conducts water and dissolved nutrients upward from the root and also helps to form the woody element in the stem.
- 13. a layer of columnar cells rich in chloroplasts found beneath the upper epidermis of foliage leaves
- 15. plan diagrams a diagram that only shows the outlines of the different tissues. it never shows individual cells.
- 16. subcategory of membrane transport proteins that couple the favorable movement of one molecule with its concentration gradient and unfavorable movement of another molecule against its gradient
- 17. a complex organic polymer deposited in the cell walls of many plants, making them rigid and woody.
- 21. loading the process in which hydrogen ions are removed from the companion cell by active transport, before diffusing down a potential gradient across the co-transporter proteins which allow them to bring sucrose
- 22. an outer layer of tissue immediately below the epidermis of a stem or root.
- 23. the cellular tissue, typically soft and succulent, found chiefly in the softer parts of leaves, pulp of fruits, bark and pith of stems, etc.
- 26. a fungus which grows in association with the roots of a plant in symbiotic or mildly pathogenic relationship.
- 27. a device used for measuring the rate of water uptake by a leafy plant shoot
- 28. fibres provides mechanical support to the plant parts and surface fibers helps in seed and fruit dispersal.
- 30. a pore in the epidermis of a leaf, bounded by two guard cells and needed for efficient gas exchange.
- 31. cells found within phloem of flowering plants, usually closely associated with a sieve element its function is uncertain, though it appears to regulate the activity of the adjacent sieve element and to take part in loading and unloading sugar into the sieve element.
- 34. the outer layer of tissue in a plant, except where it is replaced by a periderm
- 35. a thin layer of plant tissue between the endodermis and the phloem.
- 36. pathway the inner side of the plasma membrane in which water and low-molecular-weight solutes can freely diffuse.
- 41. a protective and waxy or hard layer covering the epidermis of a plant, invertebrate, or shell.
- 43. release sucrose into the phloem