Across
- 2. punishment intended to make criminals pay monetary compensation to make up for the financial damage caused by their acts
- 4. an act committed in violation of the law
- 9. rewards or punishments that encourage conformity to social norms
- 11. the theory that individuals learn deviance in proportion to the number of deviant acts and norms in which they are exposed
- 12. a system comprising institutions and processes responsible for enforcing criminal statutes
- 14. behavior that underconforms to accepted norms
- 16. the theory that compliance with social norms requires strong bonds between individuals and society
- 17. an undesirable label that is used to deny a deviant social acceptance
- 19. discouraging criminal acts by threatening punishment
- 20. a method of protecting society from criminals by keeping them in prison
- 22. job-related crimes committed by high-status people
- 24. deviance involving occasional breaking of norms that is not a part of a person's lifestyle or self-concept
Down
- 1. the process of reducing the seriousness of the crimes that injure people of lower status
- 3. the process of changing or reforming a criminal through socialization
- 5. Merton's theory that deviance is more likely to occur when a gap exists between cultural goals and the ability to achieve them
- 6. the theory that society creates deviance by identifying particular members as deviant
- 7. a repayment; a deserved punishment
- 8. behavior that over conforms to social expectations
- 10. deviance in which an individual's life and identity are organized around breaking society's norms
- 13. ways to encourage conformity to societies norms
- 15. a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent
- 18. behavior that departs from societal or group norms
- 21. a repetition of or return to criminal behavior
- 23. a person who breaks significant societal or group norms