Across
- 5. Belief in many gods or deities.
- 9. The title used for the rulers of ancient Egypt, considered gods on Earth.
- 11. A group of people from western Asia who invaded Egypt with their use of chariots and bronze weapons.
- 14. An ancient Persian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism, a religion that emphasized the struggle between good and evil.
- 15. The site of the Great Pyramids in ancient Egypt.
- 16. Road: A major ancient highway built by the Persians to facilitate communication and trade across their empire.
- 18. The ancient Egyptian process of preserving the body after death for the afterlife.
- 19. The people of the ancient region of Sumer in southern Mesopotamia, known for creating the first known civilization.
- 21. script: A simplified, cursive form of Egyptian hieroglyphics used for everyday writing.
- 22. A pharaoh of Egypt who promoted the worship of one god, Aten, leading to a religious revolution.
- 25. A large stepped structure with a temple at the top, used in ancient Mesopotamian cities.
- 26. The first pharaoh who is credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt.
- 28. A seafaring people known for their trade networks and the creation of the phonetic alphabet.
- 30. An ancient city in Mesopotamia, famous for its wealth, culture, and the Code of Hammurabi.
- 31. A form of government where religious leaders rule in the name of a god or gods.
- 32. A system of society or government where men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it.
- 34. An ancient Semitic people who established the first empire in Mesopotamia under Sargon.
- 36. One of the first major cities of ancient Mesopotamia, known for its large population and monumental architecture.
- 37. A system of government where state officials make decisions rather than elected representatives.
- 39. The chief advisor to the pharaoh in ancient Egypt, responsible for overseeing the government.
- 40. An ancient empire in present-day Iran, known for their tolerance, vast conquests, and innovations in governance.
- 41. A Persian ruler who expanded the empire and organized its governance, including the construction of the Royal Road.
Down
- 1. An ancient Semitic people, traditionally considered the ancestors of the Jewish people.
- 2. An ancient city in the Middle East, significant for its religious and historical importance to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
- 3. A form of government where a king or queen rules, often with hereditary succession.
- 4. A country that takes over foreign lands and people.
- 6. The last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, known for her political alliances and relationships with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony.
- 7. A Babylonian king best known for his code of laws, one of the earliest and most complete legal codes.
- 8. A powerful and warlike ancient people known for their empire and military innovations.
- 10. Belief in a single god.
- 12. An ancient region located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, often called the cradle of civilization.
- 13. A young pharaoh famous for his intact tomb and its treasures.
- 17. River: The major river of Egypt, essential for agriculture, transportation, and life in ancient times.
- 19. The ruler who founded the Akkadian Empire, the first empire in Mesopotamia.
- 20. A powerful female pharaoh of ancient Egypt known for her prosperous reign.
- 21. The system of writing used in ancient Egypt, consisting of pictorial symbols.
- 23. An ancient people who established an empire in Anatolia and are known for their use of iron weapons.
- 24. An elite group of Persian soldiers who maintained a constant number of 10,000, forming the king's personal guard.
- 27. A line of hereditary rulers from the same family.
- 29. A province in the ancient Persian Empire, with its own governor responsible for administering affairs and collecting taxes.
- 33. Egypt: The northern region of Egypt, located near the Nile Delta.
- 35. An ancient writing system used in Mesopotamia, composed of wedge-shaped marks on clay tablets.
- 38. The founder of the Persian Empire, known for his tolerance and respect for conquered peoples.