Unit 2: Cognition

2. A mental shortcut that allows for quick decision making but increases the likelihood of errors.
6. a process in which previously stored memories, when retrieved, are potentially altered before being stored again.
9. Accessing stored information when needed.
11. Measuring how quickly information is relearned after forgetting.
13. Identifying information previously learned.
14. the ability to produce ideas that are both novel and valuable.
16. Grouping information into meaningful units.
17. a mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people that simplifies information processing and allows individuals to organize knowledge efficiently
18. Retaining encoded information over time.
19. cognitive frameworks that organize and interpret information. They influence how individuals perceive and encode new experiences.

1. A mental image or best example of a category, used to quickly classify objects or ideas.
3. A sudden realization of a problem’s solution, often referred to as an “aha” moment.
4. Retrieving information without cues.
5. Memory aids using imagery or organizational devices.
7. a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit (conscious) memories, of facts and events, for storage
8. A step-by-step procedure that guarantees a correct solution but may be time-consuming.
10. Transforming information into a form that can be stored.
11. in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
12. Activation of related concepts.
15. Competition between memories.