Unit 2 Earth Science

5. Vibrations that travel through Earth carrying energy released during an Earthquake.
9. Includes all of the water on the surface of Earth.
10. The 2nd main layer of the Earth that starts about 40 kilometers below the surface.
11. A dense ball of solid metal. Temperatures are extremely high, but the high pressure prevents the atoms from spreading out.
12. The middle part of the mantle; it is soft like road tar.
13. The two main metals that make up the core and that give Earth its magnetic field.
15. Increase steadily as you get deeper into the Earth.

1. The lowest part of the mantle; it is solid rock that extends all the way to the core.
2. A layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core. It is a liquid because of the high temperatures.
3. Heat transfer through the movement of fluids.
4. Includes the rock of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle; it is about 100 kilometers thick.
6. Light-colored rock with coarse texture that makes up the continental crust.
7. Decreases for a short distance under the surface but then increases all the way to the center of Earth.
8. Dark rock with fine texture that makes up the oceanic crust.
14. Layer of solid rock includes both dry land and ocean floor