Across
- 4. A Roman general who became dictator. He made many reforms but was assassinated by senators who feared he was becoming too powerful.
- 7. The Eastern part of the Roman Empire that survived after the fall of the Western Empire. Its capital was Constantinople.
- 10. The new capital city of the Eastern Roman Empire, founded by Emperor Constantine. It later became the center of the Byzantine Empire.
- 11. A huge arena in Rome where gladiators fought and public shows were held.
- 12. A trained fighter, often a slave or prisoner, who fought for public entertainment in arenas.
Down
- 1. A Roman general and ally of Julius Caesar. He later fought against Octavian but was defeated after joining with Cleopatra.
- 2. A river in northern Italy. When Julius Caesar crossed it with his army, it started a civil war in Rome.
- 3. A long period of peace and stability in the Roman Empire, lasting about 200 years, beginning with Augustus.
- 5. Julius Caesar’s adopted son and heir. He defeated Marc Antony and Cleopatra and became the first emperor of Rome, taking the name Augustus.
- 6. A Roman emperor who tried to save the empire by dividing it into an Eastern and Western half, each with its own ruler.
- 8. Structures built by the Romans to carry fresh water into cities.
- 9. The queen of Egypt who allied with Julius Caesar and later with Marc Antony. She was defeated by Octavian and died in Egypt.