Across
- 3. any external solution that has a low solute concentration and high water concentration compared to body fluids
- 5. the process by which one bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact.
- 7. a short microscopic hairlike vibrating structure found in large numbers on the surface of certain cells
- 8. solute concentration is higher than that inside the cell
- 9. relating to, involving, or requiring an absence of free oxygen.
- 11. the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
- 13. (in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
- 15. he cellular machinery responsible for making proteins
- 18. a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
- 20. a stack of thylakoids
- 22. A microscope used to see the surface of a cell and allows a beam to scan the surface
- 23. Cells with membrane bound organelles
- 24. a nucleoside phosphate comprised of a ribonucleoside and two phosphate groups.
- 25. a microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.
- 28. cells with no nucleus, no membrane bound-organelles, and are unicellula
- 30. any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen or antibody or hormone or drug, or is the focus of contact by a virus or phagocyte or nerve fiber etc
- 32. Adds 4. DNA contains hereditary info. That is passed from cell to cell during division 5. All cells are basically the same in chemical comp. And metabolic activities 6. Energy Flows occur within cells
- 33. a microscope good for viewing the structure of a cell, and allows a beam of light to pass through the cell
- 39. an organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients
- 41. protein structures that extend from the bacterial cell envelope
- 44. denoted bacteria shown when using a gram stain
- 45. fold in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
- 46. an organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals
- 47. a thin-walled sac filled with a fluid, usually clear and small.
- 50. the cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer) of an organelle or Gram-negative bacteria that is within an outer membrane.
- 51. a small rodlike structure, about 4–7 nanometers in diameter, present in numbers in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells.
- 56. each of a number of flattened sacs inside a chloroplast,
- 57. 1. All organisms are made of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of life 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
- 59. a state of physical balance.
- 60. receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells
- 62. meshwork of fine disklike tubular membrane vesicles, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that is involved in the synthesis and storage of lipids, including cholesterol and phospholipids, which are used in the production of new cellular membrane.
- 63. double
- 64. a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport.
- 65. a highly regulated membrane barrier that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm in eukaryotic cells
Down
- 1. a fibrous protein that forms (together with actin) the contractile filaments of muscle cells and is also involved in motion in other types of cells.
- 2. a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
- 4. an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur
- 6. a spherical structure found in the cell's nucleus whose primary function is to produce and assemble the cell's ribosomes
- 10. a long whiplike structure by which some tiny plants and animals move
- 11. the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell
- 12. the gradual change in the concentration of solutes in a solution as a function of distance through a solution
- 14. series of connected flattened sacs, part of a continuous membrane organelle within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that plays a central role in the synthesis of proteins
- 16. asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies
- 17. an organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve.
- 19. energy
- 21. a major component of the cytokeleton found in all eukaryotic cells, and they are involved in mitosis, cell motility, intracellular transport, and maintenance of cell shape
- 26. small organic molecules that play key roles in cellular respiration
- 27. twisted
- 29. a protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that regulates the transportation of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
- 31. noted bacteria shown when using a gram stain
- 34. the material (or tissue) in between a eukaryotic organism's cells
- 35. make up all organisms and are the basic unit of life
- 36. a lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule
- 37. integral membrane proteins that serve as channels in the transfer of water, and in some cases, small solutes across the membrane
- 38. a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes
- 40. relating to, involving, or requiring free oxygen.
- 42. multimeric proteins located in the plasma membrane
- 43. an ion or molecule attached to a metal atom by coordinate bonding.
- 48. Solutions that contain the same concentration of water and solutes as the cell cytoplasm
- 49. also known as either intracellular or cytoplasmic. They are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and are often targeted by hydrophobic ligands that can cross the lipid bilayer of the animal plasma cell membrane
- 52. things being turned inot products due to a chemical reaciton
- 53. The fluid inside a cell but outside the cell's nucleus
- 54. a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
- 55. a staining technique for the preliminary identification of bacteria, in which a violet dye is applied, followed by a decolorizing agent and then a red dye
- 58. the membrane found in all cells that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment
- 61. the result of a chemical reacion
- 62. resembling a bunch of grapes