Across
- 3. one of the most powerful leaders of his time and was to make Mali's name renowned throughout the European and Islamic countries.
- 6. ninth Aztec emperor of Mexico
- 7. a feathered serpent, a flying reptile (much like a dragon), who was a boundary-maker (and transgressor) between earth and sky
- 9. the Spanish word for "village" or "town
- 10. an object (such as an animal or plant) serving as the emblem of a family or clan and often as a reminder of its ancestry
- 12. a symbolic figure or a character (as in the Mayan system of writing) usually incised or carved in relief.
- 13. ancient outsiders.
- 16. an ancient book, consisting of one or more quires of sheets of papyrus or parchment folded together to form a group of leaves, or pages.
- 17. the Mayan story of the creation and of the Hero Twins and their victory over the lords of Xibalba (the underworld)
- 18. an American Indian confederacy originally of New York consisting of the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, and Seneca and later including the Tuscarora.
- 19. igneous rock occurring as a natural glass formed by the rapid cooling of viscous lava from volcanoes
Down
- 1. Home of the prestigious Koranic Sankore University and other madrasas
- 2. a forced-labor draft imposed by the Spaniards on the indigenous inhabitants of Peru.
- 4. Native American people who dominated northern Mexico at the time of the Spanish conquest in the early 16th century
- 5. of or relating to Mississippi, its people, or the Mississippi River
- 7. recording devices used by the Inka Empire, the largest empire in pre-Columbian America.
- 8. secret agreement between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
- 11. a complex of Mayan ruins deep in the rainforests of northern Guatemala.
- 14. a sib or clan that constituted the basic socioeconomic unit of Inca society
- 15. 9th Inca ruler (r. 1438 - 1471 CE) who founded their empire with conquests in the Cuzco Valley and beyond.