Unit 4 Biology Vocab

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Across
  1. 4. process used by plants and other autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
  2. 5. process that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen
  3. 6. set of reactions in photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
  4. 7. organism that obtains food by consuming other living things; also called a consumer
  5. 11. second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
  6. 12. process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen; produces lactic acid
  7. 16. organism that is able to capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
  8. 17. compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; type of nutrient that is the major source of energy for the body
  9. 18. process that requires oxygen
  10. 19. simple sugar molecule
  11. 20. process that does not require oxygen
  12. 22. first set of reactions in cellular respiration during which one molecule of glucose (a 6 carbon compound) is transformed into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid (a 3 carbon compound)
  13. 23. saclike photosynthetic membranes found in chloroplasts
  14. 24. series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions
Down
  1. 1. measure of heat energy in food; equivalent to 1000 calories
  2. 2. organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
  3. 3. set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle
  4. 8. ability to do work
  5. 9. a complex carbohydrate made up of many monosaccharides
  6. 10. compound used by cells to store and release energy (ATP)
  7. 13. process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen; produces carbon dioxide and alcohol
  8. 14. cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
  9. 15. light-absorbing molecules used by plants to gather the sun’s energy
  10. 21. fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids