Across
- 2. An acute episode of heart disease marked by death or damage of heart muscle due to insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle usually as a result of coronary thrombosis or coronary occlusion and that is characterized especially by chest pain.
- 3. The study of the heart and its action and diseases.
- 4. Having two different alleles for a given gene.
- 9. A specialized mass of conducting cells located at the atrioventricular junction in the heart.
- 12. A syndrome marked by the presence of usually three or more of a group of factors (as high blood pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low HDL levels, and high fasting levels of blood sugar) that are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes.
- 13. Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic effects.
- 14. A surgical procedure or operation for inserting a stent, a mold to keep a passageway open, into an anatomical vessel.
- 15. The branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins.
- 16. The passage of venous blood from the right atrium of the heart through the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries to the lungs where it is oxygenated and its return via the pulmonary veins to enter the left atrium and participate in systemic circulation.
- 21. Having two identical alleles for a given gene.
- 24. A vessel that returns blood to the heart
- 28. A metabolic disorder that is caused by defective or absent receptors for LDLs on cell surfaces, that is marked by an increase in blood plasma LDLs and by an accumulation of LDLs in the body resulting in an increased risk of heart attack and coronary heart disease, and that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait.
- 32. All or part of the genetic constitution of an individual or group.
- 34. An instrument for measuring blood pressure and especially arterial blood pressure.
- 36. Sudden loss of consciousness, sensation, and voluntary motion caused by rupture or obstruction (as by a clot) of a blood vessel of the brain.
- 37. Pressure exerted by the blood upon the walls of the blood vessels, especially arteries, usually measured by means of a sphygmomanometer and expressed in millimeters of mercury.
- 39. smallest structural unit of living matter that functions independently
- 40. A surgical bypass operation performed to shunt blood around an obstruction in a coronary artery that involves grafting one end of a segment of vein removed from another part of the body into the aorta and the other end into the coronary artery beyond the obstructed area to allow for increased blood flow.
- 43. The stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle contracts and the chambers pump blood.
- 45. An integrated group of cells with a common function, structure, or both.
- 47. largest vein in the human body that returns blood to the right atrium from bodily parts below the diaphragm
- 49. A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
Down
- 1. Any of the tubular branching muscular and elastic-walled vessels carrying blood from heart to the body
- 2. An abnormally high blood pressure.
- 5. A cholesterol-carrying particle in the blood, made up of cholesterol and other lipids surrounded by a single layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded. An HDL particle carries less cholesterol than a related lipoprotein, LDL, and may be correlated with a decreased risk of blood vessel blockage.
- 6. A small mass of tissue that is made up of Purkinje fibers, ganglion cells, and nerve fibers, that is embedded in the musculature of the right atrium, and that originates the impulses stimulating the heartbeat -- called also S-A node, sinus node.
- 7. Surgical repair or recanalization of a blood vessel.
- 8. A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
- 10. transport system of the body composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood and responsible for carrying O2 and nutrients to the body and CO2 and other wastes away
- 11. A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.
- 17. Something which increases risk or susceptibility.
- 18. The physical and physiological traits of an organism that are determined by its genetic makeup.
- 19. A valve that is situated at the opening of the right atrium of the heart into the right ventricle and that resembles the mitral valve in structure but consists of three triangular membranous flaps.
- 20. Blood pressure that remains between heart contractions.
- 22. The pressure generated by the left ventricle during systole.
- 23. A measure of cardiac activity usually expressed as the number of beats per minute.
- 25. The movement of suspended particles through a fluid or gel under the action of an electromotive force applied to electrodes in contact with the suspension.
- 26. A body structure that temporarily closes a passage or orifice, or permits movement of fluid in only one direction.
- 27. An electrical device for stimulating or steadying the heartbeat or reestablishing the rhythm of an arrested heart.
- 29. A measurement of heart electrical activity.
- 30. Changes in the walls of large arteries consisting of lipid deposits on the artery walls.
- 31. An abnormal organic condition of the heart or of circulation.
- 33. A laboratory technique for amplifying DNA in vitro by incubating with special primers, DNA polymerase molecules, and nucleotides.
- 35. A cholesterol-carrying particle in the blood, made up of cholesterol and other lipids surrounded by a single layer of phospholipids in which proteins are embedded. An LDL particle carries more cholesterol than a related lipoprotein, HDL, and high LDL levels in the blood correlate with a tendency to develop blocked blood vessels and heart disease.
- 38. A lipid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids.
- 41. A valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle; prevents the blood in the ventricle from returning to the atrium. Alternative name is bicuspid valve.
- 42. The rhythmic expansion and recoil of arteries resulting from heart contraction; can be felt from the outside of the body.
- 44. The stage of the heart cycle in which the heart muscle is relaxed, allowing the chambers to fill with blood.
- 46. The radiographic visualization of blood vessels after the injection of radiopaque substance.
- 48. anatomical cavity; especially a chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into a ventricle(s)