Across
- 4. any signalling molecule that binds to the receptor
- 5. the chemicals involved in short distance signalling between nerve cells
- 6. the result that occurs if cells progress unregulated through the cell cycle
- 7. the checkpoint where proper DNA replication will be checked
- 8. the gene and protein involved in halting a cell while DNA repairs, initiates repair enzymes, and initiates apoptosis if repair is not successful
- 9. the process that occurs during transduction where one enzyme activates another which activates another using ATP
- 11. the letters that represent the order of the phases of Mitosis
- 13. the stage of the cell cycle that involves the final cytoplasmic division into two new daughter cells
- 14. the second messenger sometimes required in a signalling pathway
- 17. the ligands involved in endocrine signalling
- 18. the protein that increases in amount during certain phases of the cell cycle until it reaches a threshold; allowing it to bind to CDK
- 19. channels that physically connect
- 20. a feedback mechanism that involves producing a response until a set point is reached and then decreasing the response
- 22. programmed cell death that occurs if a cell is unfit to progress through the cell cycle
- 23. the checkpoint where proper cell growth will be checked
- 24. the stage of interphase when DNA is replicated
- 25. the stage of the cell cycle that involves equally dividing chromosomes and pushing them to opposite sides of the cell
- 26. signals that must be received by cells in G0/G1 if they are to proceed through the rest of the cell cycle
- 29. enzymes that activate others by phosphorylation (adding a phosphate from ATP)
- 30. found attached to the receptor in the fight or flight signalling pathway
- 31. the short distance communication that occurs among some bacteria to determine overall density
Down
- 1. genes that code for proteins that stop the cell cycle
- 2. long distance communication between cells where signals are sent through the bloodstream
- 3. this is true of the new cells at the end of Mitosis compared to the parent cell
- 7. type of receptor to which epinephrine binds; has a multi-subunit protein that detaches and goes to activate other things
- 9. channels that physically connect adjacent plant cells and are used in direct cell to cell communication
- 10. passing and amplifying a signal from the outside to the inside of a cell
- 12. a feedback mechanism that involves continuously increasing a response until the event is over
- 15. genes that code for proteins that progress the cell cycle
- 16. type of receptor that involves a channel being opened or closed
- 21. the immune cells that activate Tcells in a form of direct cell to cell communication
- 25. if these occur to any protein involved in cell cycle regulation or cell signalling, undesired results may occur
- 27. the end goal of any signal transduction pathway
- 28. the enzyme involved in initiating progression through the cell cycle