Across
- 1. (2words) PA state tree and dominant old growth tree
- 3. (2words) Organisms who's presence helps you know a healthy ecosystem
- 5. large opening in a snag for bigger animals like raccoons
- 7. aquatic indicator species
- 9. concerned with protecting the environment against logging
- 10. succession that starts from bare rock
- 12. planting only one type of tree= not good!
- 17. (2words) forest never disturbed by humans
- 18. colonizes rocks during primary succession
- 19. habitat created by open areas, provides cover for deer and roughed grouse
- 20. food coming from small trees and shrubs
- 23. dead tree that is still standing
- 24. food such as seeds, nuts, berries and acorns coming from mature trees
- 25. (2words) provides a base and nutrients for saplings
- 27. (3words) area of the US with the most amount of old growth forest left
- 30. (2words) creates edge in forest ecosystems, stopping point for forest fires
Down
- 2. (2 words) Multiple Use Management used here
- 4. term for variety of plant and animal species in an ecosystem
- 6. (2words) devastating to forests, destroys habitats and soils
- 8. (2words) used for preservation and recreation only
- 11. succession where soil is at least present
- 12. (3words) federal law that applies to national forest allowing for grazing, logging, mining etc.
- 13. (2words) indicator species and endangered bird in the PNW old growth forests
- 14. (2words) first organisms to show up
- 15. cuts down trees for money
- 16. (2words) helps prevent diseases, wildfires and returns nutrients to soils
- 21. (2words) most common old growth tree in the Pacific Northwest
- 22. roof of forest
- 26. (2words) different patches, successional stages and ages of trees
- 28. partly decayed plant matter that provides nutrients for the soil
- 29. creates holes in tress for cavity nesters