Unit 4: The Fragile Union- Innovations, Sectionalism, and the Struggle for Reconciliation

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Across
  1. 3. Location where Lee surrendered to Grant in 1865.
  2. 5. (De Jure/De Facto)Separation of races by law or social practice.
  3. 6. All-Black Union regiment that fought bravely at Fort Wagner.
  4. 9. Lincoln’s 1863 order declaring freedom for slaves in Confederate states.
  5. 10. Equal” Doctrine established by Plessy v. Ferguson.
  6. 15. Union victory that helped ensure Lincoln’s reelection in 1864.
  7. 21. Process of charging a public official with misconduct; Andrew Johnson faced this.
  8. 23. Amendment granting citizenship and equal protection under the law.
  9. 24. v. Ferguson Supreme Court case that upheld “separate but equal” segregation laws.
  10. 27. Murder of a prominent figure; Lincoln was killed this way.
  11. 28. First major battle of the Civil War, also known as the Battle of Manassas.
  12. 30. Bell Presidential candidate for the Constitutional Union Party in 1860 who sought to maintain the Union.
  13. 31. African Americans who migrated west for better opportunities after the Civil War.
  14. 32. Lincoln's speech dedicating a battlefield cemetery, stating the war tested democracy.
  15. 35. Period after the Civil War focused on rebuilding the South and reintegrating states.
  16. 40. Plan dividing the South into districts governed by Union generals.
  17. 41. President who ended Reconstruction with the Compromise of 1877.
  18. 42. Secret group that used violence to suppress African Americans and Reconstruction.
  19. 43. Government formed by Southern states after seceding from the Union.
  20. 45. Depriving someone of the right to vote, often through poll taxes or literacy tests.
  21. 46. Union general known for his "March to the Sea."
  22. 50. Speech Famous speech by Abraham Lincoln stating, “A house divided against itself cannot stand.”
  23. 51. Legal requirement that the government respect all legal rights of individuals
  24. 53. Turning point battle fought in Pennsylvania in 1863.
  25. 54. Farming Farming system that often kept freedmen in debt and poverty.
Down
  1. 1. Term for Southern states breaking away from the Union before the Civil War.
  2. 2. (South v. North) Political party that split over slavery, with Northern and Southern factions nominating different candidates in 1860.
  3. 4. Federal agency providing aid to former enslaved people and poor Southerners.
  4. 7. Conflict between the Union and Confederacy from 1861–1865.
  5. 8. Union general who accepted Robert E. Lee’s surrender.
  6. 11. Southern whites who supported Reconstruction policies.
  7. 12. Military strategy targeting not just armies but also resources and morale.
  8. 13. Northerners who moved South during Reconstruction to seek opportunities.
  9. 14. Amendment abolishing slavery in the United States.
  10. 16. Union strategy to blockade Southern ports and divide the Confederacy.
  11. 17. Laws enforcing racial segregation in the South after Reconstruction.
  12. 18. Political party in 1860 focused on preserving the Union and avoiding secession.
  13. 19. Actor who assassinated Abraham Lincoln.
  14. 20. President before Lincoln, often criticized for failing to prevent the Civil War.
  15. 22. Union siege that gave control of the Mississippi River to the North.
  16. 25. Debates Series of seven debates in 1858 focusing on slavery and states' rights.
  17. 26. Capital city of the Confederacy during the Civil War.
  18. 29. Amendment Amendment granting African American men the right to vote.
  19. 33. Location where Abraham Lincoln was assassinated in 1865.
  20. 34. Codes Laws restricting the rights of African Americans in the South after the Civil War.
  21. 36. Party Political party formed in the 1850s that opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories.
  22. 37. Reconstruction plan requiring 10% of voters to pledge loyalty to the Union.
  23. 38. Bloodiest single-day battle in American history.
  24. 39. Sherman’s campaign of destruction through Georgia to weaken the South’s will to fight.
  25. 44. Southern Democratic candidate in the 1860 presidential election who supported slavery.
  26. 47. President of the Confederate States of America.
  27. 48. 16th President of the United States who opposed the expansion of slavery.
  28. 49. Illinois Senator known for debating Abraham Lincoln and supporting popular sovereignty.
  29. 52. Leading general of the Confederate Army.