Unit 4 Vocab Quiz

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Across
  1. 1. the most porous sediment but also the least permeable
  2. 5. the thin and solid outermost layer of the Earth above the mantle
  3. 7. the mechanical breakdown of rocks and minerals
  4. 9. rate at which water and air move from upper to lower soil layers
  5. 12. the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle
  6. 14. a rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust
  7. 15. the process that creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges
  8. 16. the hottest layer of Earth's atmosphere
  9. 18. a layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, having distinct characteristics produced by soil-forming processes
  10. 20. the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core
  11. 21. the movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface
  12. 22. a region with dry conditions found on the leeward side of a mountain range as a result of humid winds from the ocean causing precipitation on the windward side
  13. 24. the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere
  14. 25. processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)
Down
  1. 1. the constant movement of materials heating up and cooling down
  2. 2. the effect of Earth's rotation on the direction of winds and currents
  3. 3. the coarsest sediment but also the most permeable
  4. 4. a tectonic plate boundary where two plates collide come together
  5. 6. the layer of Earth's atmosphere that contains high levels of ozone
  6. 8. the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats
  7. 10. a boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other in opposite directions
  8. 11. a plate boundary where tectonic plates move away from each other
  9. 13. the angle at which the sun's rays strike the earths surface
  10. 17. a system of air circulation on either side of the equator and creating major weather patterns
  11. 19. the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle at a convergent plate boundary
  12. 23. an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it