Unit 4 vocab

3. a quantity, usually expressed as a percentage, that measures the ratio of work output to work input.
4. the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 oC; the Calorie used to indicate the energy content of food is a kilocalorie.
6. the transfer of energy as heat through a material.
7. energy the total kinetic energy of a substance’s atoms
10. an instrument that measures and indicates temperature.
12. of conservation of energy the law that states that energy cannot be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another.
13. a material that reduces or prevents the transfer of energy.
14. transformation the process of energy changing from one form into another.
15. the units of a temperature scale

1. theory of matter a theory that states that all of the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion.
2. a measure of how hot or cold something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object.
5. the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations; can result in the transfer of energy as heat.
8. the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
9. a material that transfers energy easily
11. the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.