Unit 4 Vocabulary 2

6. surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell
7. a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.
8. the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of its membrane to form a vacuole.
9. fluid in the cell membrane/matrix of cytoplasm
11. solution that has the same salt concentration as cells and blood.
12. lower osmotic pressure
14. process by which the contents of a cell vacuole are released to the exterior through fusion of the vacuole membrane with the cell membrane.
15. cells that enclose their DNA in nuclei.
16. the process of passive transport of molecules across a membrane
18. higher osmotic pressure
21. the movement of substances across a cell membrane without energy.
22. lash-like appendage that protrudes from the cell body of certain cells
23. a small/ circular/ double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA.
24. rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants/ fungi and bacteria.

1. basic unit of life
2. movement of a solvent through a living cell into a solution of higher solute concentration
3. macromolecular machines/ that perform biological protein synthesis.
4. vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell/ enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
5. the movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration/ assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.
10. the spreading of something more widely.
13. the idea that all living things are made up of cells/ and that new cells are produced from existing cells.
17. cells that do not enclose DNA in nuclei.
19. a tiny pore in the surface of a leaf that is used for gas exchange
20. a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.