Unit 5 Vocab (5.1-5.7)

3. a period during the 1600s and 1700s when scholars studied culture and society by applying reason and natural laws
5. a system of rule in which powerful lords divided their lands among lesser lords (vassals)
8. a religious movement that began in the 1500s to reform the Catholic Church that led to the creation of new Protestant churches
9. a lesser lord in medieval Europe who pledged loyalty and service to a more powerful lord in exchange for land
12. membership in a community that gives a person civil and political rights and obligations
16. collection of myths or stories that people tell about their gods and heroes
20. a type of early humans
23. French for "rebirth"; refers to period of cultural revival in Europe from the 1300s to the 1500s
25. epidemic (widespread outbreak) of bubonic plague that devastated Europe and other regions in the mid-1300s
26. a peasant who is legally bound to live and work on land owned by a lord
28. a political movement that removed the French king from power and formed a republic
29. the agricultural estate of a medieval lord or vassal
31. form of government in which citizens have the right to vote and elect officials
33. a cultural movement of the Renaissance based on the study of classical works
34. the application of machine power to manufacturing in the 1800s and the resulting transformation of societies

1. period in human history during which people used bronze to make tools and weapons
2. a form of government in which citizens hold political power
4. a territory containing several countries and ruled by a single government
6. hereditary class of rulers
7. worship of many gods or deities
10. form of teaching in which the teacher asks students question after question to force them to think more clearly
11. monarchy in which rulers have absolute and unlimited power
13. in medieval Europe these were noblemen who gave land to other noblemen in return for services
14. a movement to strengthen the teachings and structure of the Catholic Church
15. a law code published by the Byzantine emperor Justinian
17. a system of basic rules and principles by which a government is organized
18. modern humans
19. a series of military campaigns to establish Christian control over the Holy Land
21. an independent state consisting of a city and its surrounding territory
22. someone who tries to convert others to a particular religion
24. the belief that all people in a nation are a distinct group, regardless of ethnicity or race
27. split between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches in 1054
30. process of creating an empire by taking over other areas
32. a holy image (usually a portrait of Jesus or a saint)