Unit 5 vocab

2. a chemical reaction in which a greater amount of energy is required to break the existing bonds to the reactants than is released when the new bonds form in the product molecules.
3. the symmetrical three-dimensional structural arrangements of atoms, ions or molecules (constituent particle) inside a crystalline solid as points.
6. a model that uses electron-dot structures to show how electrons are arranged in molecules.
10. a mixture of elements that has metallic properties.
11. the force that holds 2 atoms together.
14. a type of bond that forms when electrons are not shared equally
17. the simplest ratio of ions represented in an ionic compound.
20. the electrons involved in metallic bonding that are free to move easily from 1 atom to the next throughout the metal and are not attached to a particular atom.
23. Valence shell electron pair repulsion.
24. a chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons
25. the energy required to separate 1 mole of the ions of an ionic compound (affected by size and charge of ion).
26. a chemical reaction in which more energy is released than required to break bonds in the initial reactants
27. the electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together in an atomic compound.
28. the complete or partial gain of electrons by a reacting substance, decreases an atom's oxidation number.

1. the amount of energy liberated when an electron is added to a neutral atom to form a negatively charged ion.
2. when the amount of valence electrons are more than 8.
4. the energy required to break a bond and form two atomic or molecular fragments (an endothermic process).
5. an ion that has a positive charge.
7. proposes that all metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electrons, and can explain properties of metallic solids such as malleability, conduction, and ductility.
8. an ionic compound whose aqueous solution conducts an electric current.
9. a single covalent bond that is formed when an electron pair is shared by the direct overlap of bonding orbitals
12. forms when one atom donates a pair of of electrons to be shared with an atom or ion that needs 2 electrons to be stable.
13. the attraction of a metallic cation for delocalized electrons.
15. forms when 2 or more atoms covalently bond and is lower in potential energy than its constituent atoms.
16. a bond that is formed when parralel orbitals overlap to share electrons.
18. a negatively charged ion.
19. the ability of an elements atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
21. a compound that contains ionic bonds.
22. the complete or partial loss of electrons from a reacting substance, increases an atom's oxidation number.