UNIT 6 (2)

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Across
  1. 2. A type of gene mutation in which one or more nucleotides are removed from a DNA sequence.
  2. 3. The enzyme that joins nucleotides together to form a new DNA strand during replication.
  3. 7. A non-coding section of a gene that is removed from pre-mRNA during RNA splicing.
  4. 8. The type of RNA that carries specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation.
  5. 10. A type of gene mutation in which one nucleotide is replaced by another.
  6. 12. A type of gene mutation in which one or more additional nucleotides are added to a DNA sequence.
  7. 13. A type of nitrogenous base with a single-ring structure.
  8. 15. The process in which the sequence of codons on mRNA is used to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide.
  9. 17. The type of DNA replication in which each new DNA molecule contains one original strand and one newly synthesised strand.
  10. 19. A random change in the nucleotide sequence of genetic material.
  11. 21. A section of a gene that remains in the mature mRNA after RNA splicing.
  12. 23. The monomers that make up DNA and RNA, each consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
  13. 24. Short sections of DNA synthesised discontinuously on the lagging strand during DNA replication.
Down
  1. 1. Proteins that bind to separated DNA strands and prevent them from rejoining during DNA replication.
  2. 4. The enzyme that joins Okazaki fragments together by forming phosphodiester bonds.
  3. 5. The process of synthesising mRNA using one strand of DNA as a template.
  4. 6. A sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that is complementary to an mRNA codon.
  5. 9. A type of nitrogenous base with a double-ring structure.
  6. 11. The enzyme that synthesises an RNA strand using a DNA template during transcription.
  7. 14. The enzyme that reduces twisting and tension ahead of the replication fork by temporarily cutting and rejoining DNA.
  8. 16. The molecule that carries genetic information and consists of two polynucleotide strands arranged in a double helix.
  9. 18. The type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome.
  10. 20. The enzyme that breaks hydrogen bonds between complementary bases, separating the two DNA strands during replication.
  11. 22. A sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that codes for an amino acid or a stop signal.