Across
- 3. a person's behavior, mannerisms, interests, and appearance
- 6. stage at which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete (not abstract) events
- 7. proposed that humans progress through psychosexual stages, and that failing to develop in one area could resurface later in life
- 9. at this stage of development children assess the world through the use of their vision, sight, and other senses
- 10. believed strict social order stunted ‘natural’ development
- 12. the merger of DNA from a single male sperm and the female egg in the ovary
- 13. style of parenting in which parents submit to child’s desire; they make few demands, use little punishment, leaving them impulsive and are often highly anti-authority
- 15. style of parenting is one that imposes rules and expects unquestioned obedience
- 17. the ability to recognize a change in shape does not necessarily change the properties of the compound
- 19. the period in the life of an organism when exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces typical development
- 23. when around strangers, babies become anxious, and may cling to their parent or familiar caregiver
- 25. the set of biological and physical differences between males and females; this refers generally to chromosomal expression of males (XY) and females (XX), their genitalia, as well as their role in the reproductive process
- 29. the period of development and growth of the fetus/child from conception to birth
- 30. developmental psychologist who demonstrated the necessity of caregiving and affection for healthy development, noting that even in monkeys, physical touch and social exposure were necessary for normal development
- 32. when semi-dependent adults make their own decisions about their lives, studies, and careers, but remain financially dependent on their parents
- 35. the combined egg and sperm nuclei, which form a unique DNA sequence that attaches itself to the uterine walls, with the inner cells becoming the embryo and the outer cells becoming the placenta
- 36. recognizing that patterns or premises supply SOME evidence for the truth of the conclusion, and that we can derive general principles from observation
- 37. the process by which certain animals form strong attachments during early life
- 39. the stage at which the child does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic, and also advances their theory of mind ability
- 42. studied the development of children, identifying four main stages
- 45. parents that clear all obstacles for their children, thus leaving them with no obstacles, challenges, or adversity to handle on their own
- 46. stage when frontal lobe development allows children to comprehend abstract concepts, problem-solve, analyze their thinking, utilize deductive reasoning, and escape ego-centrism
- 47. encouraging open discussion of rules as children age
Down
- 1. a set of expected behaviors for men and women
- 2. a person’s sense of being male or female
- 4. the ability to understand multiple causal factors, variables, and come to a more specific, certain answer
- 5. developmental psychologist who visited and observed numerous families, cataloging the development and relationship between children and their parents
- 8. he inability to replay or track events in reverse order
- 11. when children benefit the most; when they receive the minimum amount of support to overcome optimally-difficult learning tasks
- 14. criticized American parenting's lack of exposure to risk, adversity, and over-protection
- 16. analyzed and counseled many different families, determining there were roughly three different parenting styles
- 18. thinking about one's thinking processes
- 20. an epigenetic effect on the fetus that results in both physical and cognitive abnormalities that follow the child for the rest of their life, due to a pregnant mother's use of alcohol
- 21. the biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior
- 22. learning social behavior by observing and imitating gender roles and being rewarded or punished for such behavior during childhood
- 24. style of parenting in which parents are both demanding and responsive to the children; they exert rules by establishing and enforcing them, but also explain the reason for rules,
- 26. the inability to analyze an object or event beyond a single dimension
- 27. an agent such as a chemical or virus that can harm the embryo during embryonic development
- 28. being nearly incapable of comprehending another person’s perspective
- 31. the social constructs of the roles and characteristics by which culture define male and female
- 33. when, if you take an object out of their site, babies forget it ever existed
- 34. a baby's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity
- 38. a dependent emotional connection to a parent that can be seen in a child’s behavior around age 1
- 40. the idea that other humans are their own beings, with perspectives, feelings, and intentions of their own
- 41. infants being more comfortable, relaxed, and explorative while in the presence of their attachment parent
- 43. developmental psychologist who was the first to emphasize the role of biology in development
- 44. philosopher who argued that social order and hierarchy (i.e., strict parenting) was a necessary process to function as a bulwark against out more primitive, chaotic, and selfish human drives