Across
- 4. Process at constant temperature.
- 5. Transition between solid, liquid, and gas.
- 9. Substance speeding up a reaction without being consumed.
- 13. States enthalpy change is independent of reaction pathway.
- 16. Temperature at which liquid becomes gas.
- 19. Heat required to vaporize a liquid.
- 20. SI unit of energy.
- 21. Minimum energy required for a reaction to occur.
- 23. Energy available to do work.
- 24. Tendency of a process to occur without external input.
- 29. Energy required to break a chemical bond.
- 30. Direct change from gas to solid.
- 31. Stored energy within chemical bonds.
- 34. Heat transfer through direct contact.
- 38. When two objects reach the same temperature.
- 39. Reaction that releases heat.
- 40. Temperature at which solid becomes liquid.
Down
- 1. Unit of heat; energy to raise 1 g of water by 1°C.
- 2. Process at constant pressure.
- 3. Heat content of a system.
- 6. Heat required to raise temperature of a unit mass by 1°C.
- 7. Total heat required to raise an object's temperature.
- 8. Everything outside the system.
- 10. Heat required for phase change without temperature change.
- 11. Heat transfer via electromagnetic waves.
- 12. Heat released during complete burning of a substance.
- 14. Energy of motion, often related to temperature.
- 15. Heat transfer through fluid movement.
- 17. Energy transfer by force over distance.
- 18. Heat required to melt a solid.
- 22. Temperature at which liquid becomes solid.
- 25. Measure of thermal energy.
- 26. Direct change from solid to gas.
- 27. Process with no heat exchange.
- 28. The study of energy transformations.
- 32. Measure of system disorder.
- 33. Reaction that absorbs heat.
- 35. Device used to measure heat changes in reactions.
- 36. Process at constant volume.
- 37. Part of the universe being studied.