Across
- 6. A period of rapid industrial growth and technological innovation that began in the late 18th century, primarily in Britain.
- 11. The part of the economy involved in knowledge-based activities, such as research, education, and information technology.
- 13. The exchange of goods or services directly for other goods or services without using money.
- 15. A region in the U.S. characterized by industrial decline, especially in manufacturing sectors, largely due to deindustrialization and job losses.
- 16. Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, balancing economic growth with environmental protection.
- 20. A composite measure of human development, including indicators of health, education, and income.
- 21. The outer regions of a country or economy, often characterized by lower levels of development and economic activity compared to the core.
- 22. High-tech research and development centers where innovation and technology are key industries.
Down
- 1. A strategy used by manufacturers to reduce inventory costs by receiving goods only when needed in the production process.
- 2. The central region in a country or economy, characterized by high levels of development, economic activity, and political power.
- 3. The part of the economy involved in the extraction and harvesting of natural resources, such as farming, mining, and forestry.
- 4. The part of the economy focused on services rather than goods, such as retail, entertainment, and financial services.
- 5. Groups of countries that have formed trade agreements to promote trade and economic cooperation among members (e.g., the European Union, NAFTA).
- 7. The part of the economy involving high-level decision-making and services, such as government, education, healthcare, and scientific research.
- 8. A theory by Alfred Weber that explains the location of industries based on minimizing transportation costs, labor costs, and agglomeration economies.
- 9. A theory by Immanuel Wallerstein that divides the world into a core, semi-periphery, and periphery, explaining global economic inequalities through historical and structural relationships.
- 10. A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means.
- 12. Land previously used for industrial purposes that is now abandoned or underused, often requiring cleanup before redevelopment.
- 14. An industry where the final product weighs more or has a greater volume than the raw materials, often located near markets to reduce transportation costs (e.g., automobile manufacturing).
- 17. The differences between men and women in various aspects of society, including income, education, and political representation.
- 18. An industry in which the final product weighs less or has a lower volume than the inputs, often located near raw material sources to reduce transportation costs (e.g., mining, steel production).
- 19. The part of the economy that processes raw materials into finished goods, such as manufacturing and construction.